Pigmentation problems refer to changes in the skin colour, often manifesting as patches that are darker (hyperpigmentation) or lighter (hypopigmentation) than the surrounding skin. Various factors can lead to pigmentation issues, including sun exposure, hormonal changes, genetic factors, and certain skin injuries or conditions.
- Hyperpigmentation: Conditions like melasma, sunspots, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation fall under this category. They often result from an excess production of melanin, the pigment that gives skin its colour.
- Hypopigmentation: This includes conditions like vitiligo or albinism, where there is a lack of melanin production in certain skin areas.
- Uneven Skin Tone: General unevenness in skin colour, often a combination of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented areas.
